is a surgical procedure to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy one from a living or deceased donor. It is the preferred treatment for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), often offering better quality of life and longer survival compared to dialysis.<\/span><\/p>Pre-Transplant Information:<\/b><\/p>When is KT Necessary?<\/b> KT is needed for patients with ESKD, either on dialysis or approaching ESKD.<\/span><\/p><\/li>When is KT Not Required?<\/b> It\u2019s not suitable for acute kidney injury or if only one kidney fails while the other is functioning.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Advantages:<\/b> Better quality of life, freedom from dialysis, longer life expectancy, fewer dietary restrictions, and potentially lower long-term costs.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Disadvantages:<\/b> Risks of major surgery, rejection, lifelong medication, and potential side effects.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Contraindications:<\/b> Serious infections, active cancer, severe heart or vascular diseases, and severe psychological issues.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Ideal Donors:<\/b> Living-related (family) or non-related donors, or deceased (cadaver) donors. The best matches are often from identical twins or close relatives.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Donor Requirements:<\/b> Healthy individuals aged 18-65 with compatible blood groups and no major health issues can donate.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>Transplant Surgery:<\/b><\/p>Procedure:<\/b> Performed under general anaesthesia, usually lasting 3-5 hours. The new kidney is placed in the recipient\u2019s lower abdomen, often without removing the old kidneys.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Post-Surgery:<\/b> The transplanted kidney may start functioning immediately or require temporary dialysis.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>Post-Transplant Care:<\/b><\/p>Complications:<\/b> Includes rejection, infection, and medication side effects.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Medications:<\/b> Lifelong use of immunosuppressants to prevent rejection. Other medications may include antihypertensives and those to prevent infections.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Precautions:<\/b> Regular medication adherence, avoiding infections, monitoring health metrics, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are crucial.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>Deceased Donor Transplant:<\/b><\/p>Process:<\/b> Involves kidneys from brain-dead individuals. The diagnosis of brain death is made by a team of doctors. Deceased donors can also donate other organs like eyes, liver, and heart.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Contraindications for Donation:<\/b> Active infections, HIV, hepatitis, cancer, or severe chronic diseases.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Procedure:<\/b> Donor kidneys are preserved and transplanted into recipients based on compatibility. The sooner they are transplanted, the better the outcomes.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>Why Limited Transplants?<\/b><\/p>Kidney Availability:<\/b> Limited number of donors and long waiting lists.<\/span><\/p><\/li>Cost:<\/b> High expenses of surgery and medications.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>Facilities:<\/b> Limited availability of transplant facilities in some regions.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t